Abbreviated inner primaries: a sex-linked dimorphism in the Acorn Woodpecker
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چکیده
In at least 15 species of woodpeckers, the inner primaries of nestlings are reduced in size. This trait is polymorphic in Acorn Woodpeckers (Melanerpes formicivorus) at Hastings Reservation in central coastal California, where most nestlings (90.1%) had reduced first and second primaries, 9.8% had only a reduced first primary, and 0.1% had no reduced primaries. More males (11.1%) had large second primaries than did females (5.3%), and females with this trait were less likely to survive their first year of life. Smaller inner primaries may provide a temporary energetic savings for nestlings that facilitate faster growth, but, if so, why this trait is not more common among other cavity-nesting species remains unknown. This trait appears to be more ecologically interesting than previously suspected and warrants study in other species and populations of woodpeckers. SINOPSIS. Primarias internas más cortas: dimorfismo asociado al sexo en Melanerpes formicivorus Primarias reducidas en tamaño es una condición encontrada en pichones de al menos 15 especies de pájaros carpinteros. Dicha condición esta asociada a genes polimórficos en Melanerpes formicivorus. Encontramos esta condición en la mayoŕıa de los pichones de esta ave en estudio que se condujo en la Reservación Hastings en California. La mayoŕıa de los pichones en dicha localidad muestran reducción en la primera y segunda primaria. Un 10% muestra la reducción en la primera primaria y muy pocos no presentan la condición. La condición de una segunda primaria larga, es dos veces mas frecuente en los machos que en las hembras, y esta asociado a una supervivencia reducida entre las hembras durante su primer año de vida. Primarias internas reducidas pudieran proveer un ahorro metabólico para los pichones que pudiera facilitar el crecimiento de estos. Si este es el caso se desconoce la razón por la cual esta condición no es más común en otras aves que anidan en cavidades. La condición discutida es ecológicamente más interesante que lo previamente sospechado y amerita mayor estudio en otras especies de pájaros carpinteros.
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تاریخ انتشار 2006